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Vulnerabilities/CVE-2021-40438
Vulnerability dossier

CVE-2021-40438

Apache mod_proxy Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

VendorredhatPublishedSep 16, 2021SourceNVDWeaknessCWE-918
Act now

Actively exploited in the wild. Patch or mitigate immediately — don't wait for a maintenance window.

Severity
Critical · 9.0
CVSS base score
Exploitation
In the wild
CISA KEV
Predicted risk
100% model
EPSS forecast — overtaken by confirmed exploitation
Exposure
Internet-facing
Exploitable remotely, no login, no user action
01

What's the risk?

An unauthenticated attacker, remotely over the network, with no user interaction, can fully compromise the system — steal data, tamper with it and take it offline.

A crafted request uri-path can cause mod_proxy to forward the request to an origin server choosen by the remote user. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server 2.4.48 and earlier.

How it's exploitedMITRE ATT&CK · inferred from weakness & vector
Initial Access
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Inferred from the weakness type (CWE) and how the flaw is reached — the techniques an attacker would chain to exploit this. Real-world corroboration appears here as threat intel is folded in.

02

Who's exploiting it?

Corroborated threat activity referencing this CVE — with source and confidence, not inference.

Confirmed exploited in the wild. CISA KEV · catalogued Dec 1, 2021

Named threat actors and observed ATT&CK techniques appear here as intel feeds are folded in — the ATT&CK chain above stays inferred until then.

03

Are we affected?

50
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux8.0
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_eus8.1
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_eus8.2
Affected
redhat · enterprise_linux_eus
8.8
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_eus8.4
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_eus8.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_arm_648.0
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_arm_64_eus8.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_arm_64_eus8.8
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems7.0_s390x
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems8.0
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus8.4
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus8.1
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus8.8
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus_s390x8.2
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian7.0
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian7.0
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian8.0
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus8.8
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus8.1
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus8.2
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus8.4
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus8.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_for_scientific_computing7.0
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server7.0
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_aus8.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_aus7.2
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_aus7.3
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_aus7.4
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_aus7.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_aus7.7
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_aus8.2
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_aus8.4
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_for_power_little_endian_update_services_for_sap_solutions8.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_for_power_little_endian_update_services_for_sap_solutions7.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_for_power_little_endian_update_services_for_sap_solutions7.7
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_for_power_little_endian_update_services_for_sap_solutions8.1
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_for_power_little_endian_update_services_for_sap_solutions8.2
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_for_power_little_endian_update_services_for_sap_solutions8.4
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_for_power_little_endian_update_services_for_sap_solutions8.8
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_tus8.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_tus7.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_tus7.7
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_tus8.2
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_tus8.4
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_tus8.8
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_update_services_for_sap_solutions7.6
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_server_update_services_for_sap_solutions7.7
  • Affectedredhat · enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions8.1
  • Affectedresf · rocky_linux8.0
  • 04

    What to do

    Generated by Wavense from the CVE record — an immediate mitigation and the permanent fix.

    1. !

      Mitigate now

      As an interim measure, implement strong egress filtering on Apache web servers to restrict outbound connections to only necessary and approved backend services. Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to inspect and block suspicious or malformed URI paths that could exploit this vulnerability. Enhance logging and monitoring for unusual outbound traffic originating from Apache HTTP Server instances.

    2. ✓

      Permanent fix

      The permanent resolution is to immediately upgrade Apache HTTP Server to version 2.4.49 or newer. This version contains the necessary fix for the crafted request URI-path vulnerability in mod_proxy. Ensure all affected Apache installations are updated to prevent exploitation of this critical SSRF vulnerability.

    Technical details— weakness, CVSS vector & calculator, related CVEs

    Business impact

    An attacker can manipulate a crafted request URI to force the Apache server to forward requests to arbitrary internal or external systems. This can enable information disclosure from internal networks, access to sensitive internal services, or facilitate further attacks by using the trusted server as a proxy, potentially bypassing network security controls.

    Weakness

    1
    CWE-918Common Weakness Enumeration · MITRE definition

    CVSS 3.1 details

    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    0.0
    / 10.0 base
    Critical severity
    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Exploitability metrics
    Attack VectorAV
    Remotely exploitable across a network
    Attack ComplexityAC
    Depends on conditions beyond attacker control
    Privileges RequiredPR
    No authorization needed
    User InteractionUI
    No user participation needed
    Impact metrics
    ScopeS
    Impact extends to other components
    ConfidentialityC
    Total loss of confidentiality
    IntegrityI
    Total loss of integrity
    AvailabilityA
    Total loss of availability

    Related vulnerabilities

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    NVD
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    CVE-2015-5123KEV

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    redhatCWE-416Use After FreeNetworkLow effortNo authNo interactionCIA
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    NVD
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    CVE-2015-5122KEV⚙ WeaponizedExploit likely

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    adobeCWE-416Use After FreeNetworkLow effortNo authNo interactionCIA
    2015-07-14
    0.0
    / 10.0 base
    Critical severity
    Key facts
    CVE ID
    CVE-2021-40438
    Published
    Sep 16, 2021
    Last modified
    Aug 6, 2026
    CVSS
    9.0 (v3.1)
    EPSS
    100.00%
    In CISA KEV
    Yes
    Confidence
    100/100
    Weakness
    CWE-918
    Timeline
    1. Sep 16, 2021Published to NVDNVD
    2. Aug 6, 2026Record last modifiedNVD
    3. Oct 4, 2026AI analysis generatedWavense
    View on NVD