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Vulnerabilities/CVE-2025-49113
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CVE-2025-49113

Roundcube Authenticated Remote Code Execution via PHP Deserialization

VendorroundcubePublishedJun 2, 2025SourceNVDWeaknessCWE-502
Act now

Actively exploited in the wild. Patch or mitigate immediately — don't wait for a maintenance window.

⚙ WeaponizedMetasploit module availableopen ↗PoCPublic exploit on Exploit-DB#52324 ↗
Severity
Critical · 9.9
CVSS base score
Exploitation
In the wild
CISA KEV · Metasploit · Exploit-DB
Predicted risk
99% model
EPSS forecast — overtaken by confirmed exploitation
Exposure
Remote (auth)
Remotely exploitable, but needs an account
01

What's the risk?

An attacker with a basic user account, remotely over the network, with no user interaction, can fully compromise the system — steal data, tamper with it and take it offline.

Roundcube Webmail before 1.5.10 and 1.6.x before 1.6.11 allows remote code execution by authenticated users because the _from parameter in a URL is not validated in program/actions/settings/upload.php, leading to PHP Object Deserialization.

How it's exploitedMITRE ATT&CK · inferred from weakness & vector
Initial Access
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application
Execution
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Inferred from the weakness type (CWE) and how the flaw is reached — the techniques an attacker would chain to exploit this. Real-world corroboration appears here as threat intel is folded in.

02

Who's exploiting it?

Corroborated threat activity referencing this CVE — with source and confidence, not inference.

Confirmed exploited in the wild. CISA KEV · catalogued Feb 20, 2026

Named threat actors and observed ATT&CK techniques appear here as intel feeds are folded in — the ATT&CK chain above stays inferred until then.

03

Are we affected?

3
  • Affecteddebian · debian_linux
11.0
  • Affectedroundcube · webmail≥ 1.6.0, < 1.6.11↑ fixed 1.6.11
  • Affectedroundcube · webmail< 1.5.10↑ fixed 1.5.10
  • 04

    What to do

    Generated by Wavense from the CVE record — an immediate mitigation and the permanent fix.

    1. !

      Mitigate now

      To mitigate risk before patching, enforce strong authentication policies, including Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), and actively monitor for suspicious login attempts. Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules to detect and block requests containing serialized PHP objects or unusual parameters directed at `program/actions/settings/upload.php`. Additionally, implement strict network segmentation to limit access to the Roundcube instance.

    2. ✓

      Permanent fix

      The permanent resolution is to upgrade Roundcube Webmail to a patched version. Specifically, upgrade to Roundcube 1.5.10 or later, or to Roundcube 1.6.11 or later. All instances running versions prior to 1.5.10 and 1.6.11 are affected and should be updated immediately to eliminate the deserialization vulnerability.

    Technical details— weakness, CVSS vector & calculator, related CVEs

    Business impact

    An authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to achieve remote code execution on the Roundcube server. This could lead to full system compromise, allowing data theft, modification of email communications, or further penetration into the network. The business consequences include severe data breaches, service disruption, and significant reputational and legal damage.

    Weakness

    1
    CWE-502Common Weakness Enumeration · MITRE definition

    CVSS 3.1 details

    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    0.0
    / 10.0 base
    Critical severity
    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Exploitability metrics
    Attack VectorAV
    Remotely exploitable across a network
    Attack ComplexityAC
    No special conditions required
    Privileges RequiredPR
    Basic user privileges
    User InteractionUI
    No user participation needed
    Impact metrics
    ScopeS
    Impact extends to other components
    ConfidentialityC
    Total loss of confidentiality
    IntegrityI
    Total loss of integrity
    AvailabilityA
    Total loss of availability

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    0.0
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    Critical severity
    Key facts
    CVE ID
    CVE-2025-49113
    Published
    Jun 2, 2025
    Last modified
    Jun 17, 2026
    CVSS
    9.9 (v3.1)
    EPSS
    98.97%
    In CISA KEV
    Yes
    Confidence
    100/100
    Weakness
    CWE-502
    Fixed in
    1.6.11, 1.5.10
    Timeline
    1. Jun 2, 2025Published to NVDNVD
    2. Jun 17, 2026Record last modifiedNVD
    3. Aug 21, 2026AI analysis generatedWavense
    View on NVD